Doping in Sports Psychology

Meaning of Doping-

Doping is use of banned performance-enhancing drugs in sports. It is using  of prohibited substances  or methods to improve  sports performance. Doping mean to say banned drugs not only effect physically but also persons can get affected psychologically and emotionally. so we can say doping affects health in all aspects in psychologically,physically and economically also.

"Doping is defined  as use of drugs or blood  products to  improve sports performance. "

The use of drugs  to enhance  performance is  considered  unethical and  banned  by International  Olympic  Committee (IOC). The reasons for the  ban are mainly  the health  risk,equal opportunity  for Athletes to  compete ,alleged  exemplary  effects  of clean sports  for all.

Types of DOPING- 

A) Drugs Administration:

These are chemicals  or synthetic  products  such as:

1) Stimulants such as Amphetamines,Caffeine, Aephedrine.

2) Narcotics  such as Morphine,opium,Heroin,Methodone,Cocaine 

3) Steroids such as  Anabolic  Steroids, Estridiol,Testosterone, Anti-inflammatory.

4) Growth  Hormones (GH) such as Somatotropin,Peptide  hormone. 

5) Beta-Blockers such as Beta-adrenergic,Blocking  antagonist, Beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist. 

6) Diuretics  such as Acetazolamide,Aspirin.

B) Blood Doping- It is also named as Erythropoietin(EPO). It may or may not involve use of drugs. Blood doping is the process of increasing the red blood cells by administration of blood transfusion. Increased amount of RBCs  helps in strength and endurance activities. This can be done by injecting extra RBCs  either from donor or previously harvested to blood or taking drug to increase RBC production. 

C) Gene Doping - Gene doping is defined as non- therapeutic , use cells, genes, genetic elements or the modification of gene to enhance sports performance. It is actual altering the individual human DNA index.

Resource-  Physical Education  book by Sanjay  Kundra.