Psychology with Special Education

  Human memory is like a computer which allows us to store information for later use but the major difference between humans and computers in terms of memory has to do with how the information is stored. Process of memory- According to the information processing model of memory four major processes are- Attention  Encoding  Storage Retrieval The process of holding information in sensory memory is divided into two types of memory- Short term Memory  Long term memory  Short Term Memory- Short term memory takes over when the information in our sensory memory is transferred to our consciousness or our awareness information is currently active such as reading this page,talking to a friend or writing a paper. Short term memory can last longer than sensory memory up to 30 seconds or so,  but it has a very limited capacity. Long Term Memory- Long term memory is  relatively permanent and practically unlimited in terms of its storage capacity. It's been argued t...

  A major goal for parents is to teach their children to behave in socially acceptable ways and to exercise self control. Nowadays children are becoming increasingly independent and their desires often come into conflict with those of parents. The result is typically a display of negative behavior by children and sometimes by the parents.The events might include the birth of a sibling, parental divorce, school on moving from Elementary School to Junior High School. The response of parents to those behaviors when they occur during normal development may determine whether the behaviors are nearly transitive or they will persist. The Negative behaviors that are of most concern to parents are non-compliance- refusal to do what is asked and aggression,such as biting,hitting and teasing. Non compliance starts as soon as the child can understand parental requests and can physically carry them out.  Temper tantrum is probably the first clear expression of aggression. Tantrums can be s...

  Does your child struggle with school? Does he or she dread reading out loud,writing an essay,or tackling a math problem? If a certain area of learning is consistently problematic,it might indicate a learning disability. What are learning disabilities? Learning disabilities or learning disorders are an umbrella term for a wide variety of learning issues. First of all,it is essential to know that a learning disability is not a problem with intelligence or motivation. Children and adults with learning disabilities see,hear and understand things differently. This can lead to trouble  with learning new information and skills,and putting them to use. The most common types of learning disabilities involve problems with reading,writing,math,reasoning, listening and speaking. Learning Disabilities in Reading(Dyslexia) There are two types of learning disabilities in reading. Basic reading problems occur when there is difficulty understanding the relationship between sounds,letters and...

  What is an Intervention? First of all,we need to know what the interventions of autism are. Intervention for autism involves taking action,often which outside help to improve a specific condition or behaviour. A successful intervention requires the cooperation of the child,parents and therapists. When can autism intervention strategies be used? The effects of autism vary from one child to another.Parents,family members,and caregivers are the ones who can determine if a child with autism needs to undergo treatment to resolve harmful and unacceptable behaviour. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Autism is a development disorder characterized by abnormalities in social behaviour,language, and cognition. Children with autism are identified by around 14 months of age,when they fail to show expected normal patterns of interaction with others. They display repetitive movements and stereotyped patterns of interests and activities. The disease was first identified in the middle of the twen...

 Language Development In Children With Age With age and experiences,understanding and cognition of the child improves. Gradually his language also improves. As child uses more and more of his cognitive skills and starts communicating and repeating language, child evolves more confident and his perception widen largerly. We can divide the language development process into following various stages- 1. Prelinguistic Stage - Prelinguistic stage is the primary stage of language development. This stage is for 13 to 14 months old child. In this stage,child cries,babbles and learns to express through gestures. a) Crying- After birth, child knows only crying. This is a natural process and reflex action. Along with crying,certain body reactions also takes place like reddening of faec, increase in pulse rate,closing of fists,etc. 1 month old child cries differently for different reasons. b)Cooing- The baby makes other sounds also other than crying. child makes different sounds while yawning,...

 Cognitive Development in Children- Theory of Piaget's Cognitive  development is proved as milestone in Cognitive psychology.  Piaget's  has coined the cognition development  step by step with functional units.  Here,it is explained in step by step that how it used to be functioned and how Cognitive  development  in children  can be recognized  properly- Child starts receiving sensations from his environment then starts to perceive their meanings also. As the child grows physically, the development of intelligence also takes place. Along with intelligence other mental faculties such as memory, imagination, thinking, reasoning, etc. also start developing. The child is able to recognize and understand his environment. Mental attributes which is the sum total of our thinking, reasoning, imagination and memory is called cognitive ability. Cognitive ability is the mental ability to think and act rationally. It helps the child to understand...

  Functional Development in children In the process of development Functional  development means motor skill during infancy (birth to 2 weeks) and early childhood (3years to 6 years) is dependent upon and influenced by the growth and maturity, characteristics of the child interacting with the environment . There are two types of motor skills: (a) gross motor skills (b) fine motor skills.   Gross Motor Skills - Gross Motor Skills generally refers to movements involving larger muscles, like those in the arms, legs, feet or the entire body. Gross motor skills proceed gradually with physical development. After the development of bone the child is able to walk, run and do other activities. Thirdly, the number of bones changes. Development of teeth starts in gums during the prenatal period. After birth the teeth start emerging from 6 months onwards. By birth, all 20 deciduous teeth and a few permanent teeth are developing deep in the jaw. At the age of 5-6 years, these...

   Mental Health Definition Many time, we use the term ‘Mental Health’ what it does mean? Why it is important? For all these questions here I’m defining Mental Health. Mental health can be defined as a good balance in all parts of life as: social,physical, spiritual, economical  emotional etc. Balance will be unique personally and socially both. Mental Health means how a person make their  thinking process,how they perceive and act ,what is their attitude towards life’. It would be explain that individuals look at themselves, their lives, and evaluate challenges, issues and find choices or options.  Now, question may come in mind that how can we make balance to stay mentally healthy. So, here are some valuable tips to keep ourselves mentally healthy-                                    ...